During 1937–1947, auditory research coalesced around neural mechanisms of sound perception and psychoacoustic quantification. The era emphasized direct neural measurements and precise psychophysical testing to uncover how pitch, loudness, and spatial cues are encoded by the auditory system. Researchers integrated single-fiber neurophysiology with structured behavioral data, forging a unified framework for neural coding, temporal processing, and binaural interaction that guided subsequent modeling and technology development.